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Volume 5 Issue 4
Oct.  2025
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Article Navigation >  Frigid Zone Medicine  > 2025  >  5(4): 242-251
Xuelian Fu, Jing Zhao, Han Meng, Mengting Wang, Hong Qiao. Protective mechanism of Ramulus Mori (Sangzhi) Alkaloids on T2DM combined with MASLD by hepatic lipid metabolism and gut microbiota analyses[J]. Frigid Zone Medicine, 2025, 5(4): 242-251. doi: 10.1515/fzm-2025-0026
Citation: Xuelian Fu, Jing Zhao, Han Meng, Mengting Wang, Hong Qiao. Protective mechanism of Ramulus Mori (Sangzhi) Alkaloids on T2DM combined with MASLD by hepatic lipid metabolism and gut microbiota analyses[J]. Frigid Zone Medicine, 2025, 5(4): 242-251. doi: 10.1515/fzm-2025-0026
shu

Protective mechanism of Ramulus Mori (Sangzhi) Alkaloids on T2DM combined with MASLD by hepatic lipid metabolism and gut microbiota analyses

doi: 10.1515/fzm-2025-0026
  • 1.

    Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China

  • 2.

    Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China

  • 3.

    Anhui Innovative Center for Drug Basic Research of Metabolic Diseases, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China

Funds:

the Fund for Independent Innovation of Hypoglycemic Drugs from Basic Research to Clinical Application 070500020373

More Information
  • Corresponding author: Hong Qiao, E-mail: qiaoh0823@sina.com
  • Received Date: 2025-01-09
  • Accepted Date: 2025-02-20
    • Available Online: 2025-10-01
    Abstract
  •   Background and objective  Both type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are known to be influenced by environmental and lifestyle factors. Ramulus Mori (Sangzhi) alkaloids (SZ-A) are effective hypoglycemic agents. Recent studies suggest that SZ-A may improve T2DM, MASLD, and metabolic syndrome, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether SZ-A can modulate hepatic lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in a mouse model of T2DM combined with MASLD.  Methods  A combined T2DM-MASLD mouse model was established using a high-fat diet and streptozotocin injection. Liver morphology and histology were assessed using a portable small-animal ultrasound imaging system, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and Oil Red O staining. Serum levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured using standard assay kits. Gut microbiota composition was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing, and hepatic lipid metabolites were profiled using liquid chromatographymass spectrometry (LC-MS)MS.  Results  SZ-A improved liver function by ameliorating morphological and structural abnormalities, reducing lipid droplet accumulation, and lowering serum levels of TG, TC, LDL, ALT, and AST. It also led to decreased hepatic ultrasound echo intensity compared to the kidney. Additionally, SZ-A helped restore gut microbiota balance, including a partial reversal of the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. Lipidomic analysis revealed that SZ-A downregulated most TG and diglycerides (DG), while upregulating phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in the model group.  Conclusions  SZ-A partially alleviates liver injury in T2DM-MASLD mice by modulating hepatic lipid metabolism and gut microbiota composition.

     

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