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The influence of extreme cold ambient temperature on out of hospital cardiac arrest: A systemic review and meta-analysis

Yanxia Lin, Huanrui Zhang, Shijie Zhao, Guohui Hua, Wen Tian

2022, 2(3): 186-192. doi: 10.2478/fzm-2022-0025

Keywords: extreme cold weather, cardiac arrest, meta-analysis

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Objective Many researches have demonstrated the effects of the extreme cold ambient temperature on the risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA); yet, the results have been inconsistent. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate whether extreme cold ambient temperature is related to OHCA. Methods We searched for time-series studies reporting associations between extreme cold ambient temperature and OHCA in PubMed, web of science and Cochrane database. Results Six studies involving 2 337 403 cases of OHCA were qualified for our meta-analysis. The odds ratio (OR) of OHCA was significantly increased in extreme cold weather (defined as the 1st or 5th centile temperature year-round) compared to reference temperature (as the 25th centile temperatures or daily mean temperature with minimum risk of OHCA) (OR=1.49, 95% CI 1.18-1.88). The subgroup analysis for the elderly and the female failed to detect the influence of extreme cold weather on OHCA, the ORs are 1.25 (95% CI 0.89-1.75) and 1.19 (95% CI 0.87-1.64), respectively. Conclusion The risk of OHCA is significantly higher in extreme cold ambient temperatures than in reference temperature, according to a relative temperature scale with percentiles of the regionspecific temperature distribution.

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