Migraine is a common primary headache which seriously affects the quality of patients' life due to the high prevalence and disability rate. Recent years a large number of studies have found that temperature is directly bound to migraine and migraine patients in cold regions have higher prevalence, different manifestations and poor response to the conventional therapy. We propose in this review article a new concept of migraine in cold regions on the basis of geography and summarize the research advances on the pathogenesis of migraine in cold regions to provide conceptual basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease entity.